Ein Heilkräutergarten aus dem Frühmittelalter nach Walahfrid Strabo. Ein Mönch der im 9. Jahrhundert lebte und mit grosser Leiderschaft sein
Wer kennt sie nicht, die Serie Vikings. Man ist begeistert und fängt an, sich für die Wikingerzeit zu interessieren und dann möchte man eine passende Darstellung machen. Aber wo fängt man an? Wenn es ein Cosplay zur Serie Vikings werden soll, dann orientiert man sich an der Primärquelle - die Serie. Dann seid ihr hier falsch. Wenn es eine frühmittelalterliche Darstellung mit Schwerpunkt Skandinavien werden soll, dann seid ihr hier richtig. Alles wikingerzeitlich - das meiste für eine wohlhabende/reiche Ausstattung, wenig für eine einfache Darstellung. Was passt? Schritt eins: vergesst alles, was ihr in der Serie Vikings (oder andere Filme/Serien) gesehen hat. Das ist tolle Fantasy im Wikingerstyl. Aber passt nicht zu einer historischen Darstellung. Um einen schönen Überblick zu bekommen, empfehle ich das Buch 'Spurensuche Haithabu: Archäologische Spurensuche in der frühmittelalterlichen Ansiedlung Haithabu. Dokumentation und Chronik 1963-2013' es gibt einen Überblicke über die archäologische Erschließung und Erforschung des Bodendenkmals, die Stadt Haithabu. Zudem hat es viele Abbildungen von den Funden, dass man sich selbst ein Bild von der Sachkultur der damaligen Zeit machen kann (Allerdings muss man hier auch ein wenig achtsam sein: Haithabu ist Multikulti und nicht alles ist gleich Wikinger). Es zeigt auf, wie wie viel man gefunden hat, aber auch, dass ganz viele Dinge nicht gefunden wurden. Zum Beispiel komplette Kleidungsstücke. Es gibt viele Fragmente, die man ergänzen und zu kompletten Kleidungsstücke interpretieren kann. Aber man kann sich nie sicher sein, ob man wirklich die richtigen Schlüsse gezogen hat. Als Anfänger ist es bei so einer Fundlage schwer, den Weg zur eigenen passenden Ausstattung zu finden. Ich empfehle dann folgende Seite: Recrating Viking Clothing - eine englischprachige Seite, hier wird erklärt, wie der Autor zu den Schnittmustern kommt und warum er was macht. Dazu sind die Schnittmuster recht einfach. Welche Materialien soll man verwenden? Für die Oberbekleidung Wolle, für die Unterbekleidung Leinen (Es gibt da diverse Ausnahmen und Leinen war in Skandinavien nicht ganz so verbreitet wie in Mitteleuropa, aber damit kann man sich beschäftigen, wenn man mehr Erfahrung hat). Es reicht diese Stoffe in Leinwand- oder Köperbindung zu besorgen. Aufwändigeres kann man später machen. Leinen ist bis auf ganz wenige Ausnahmen ungefärbt verwendet worden, das sollte man für seine erste Ausstattung auch so halten... Die Wolle ist viel ungefärbt verwendet worden, aber man hat es auch gefärbt. Folgende Farben kann man verwenden: Unten links handgesponnen von verschiedenen Rassen. Dabei ist bitte zu berücksichtigen, dass die dunkelblauen und roten Farbtöne 'teuer' waren und deswegen wolhabenden Darstellungen vorbehalten sind. Was für Kleidungsstücke braucht man? Für den Mann: Schuhe: einfach wendegenähte Schuhe nach Funden aus Haithabu (wenn man sie nicht selbst nähen kann, das teuerste der Ausstattung) eine Anleitung zum Selbermachen gibt es hier Socken/Strümpfe Es gibt einen Fund von Nadelgebundenen Socken aus Coppergate, datiert um 950. Das ist der einzige Fund zum Theme Nadelbinden, der halbwegs in die Region und in die Zeit passt. Für genähte Socken/Strümpfe gibt es einen Fund aus Island, mehr hier aber kann nicht mit einem Schnittmuster weiter helfen. Hose: nach Thorsberg Schnitt oder ähnlich, Material Wolle, eine Anleitung gibt es im Archiv von Wikingerkleidung.de Alternativ gibt es auch die Möglichkeit Beinlinge zu tragen. Hier eine Rekonstruktion mit Schnittmuster nach Fund aus dem Hafen von Haithabu. Optional: Wadenwickel aus Wolle in Fischgrätbindung Untertunika aus Leinen (und bitte, Unterwäsche bleibt unten drunter und ist nicht sichtbar...) Einfache Tunika aus Wolle (hier ein sehr allgemeiner Link und Teil1 + Teil 2 zeigt eine schöne Interpretation aus Haithabu) Rechteckmantel (der gleichzeitig als Kopfbedeckung dienen kann) aus Wolle (er war damals wahrscheinlich max. Knielang) Alternativ: Klappenrock. Hier nach Funden aus Haithabu Kopfbedeckung: Spitzhut, wie der Anhänger aus Haithabu oder die Frey Figur von Rällinge Zusätzlich gibt es aus Haithabu das ein Fragment einer Pillbox-Mütze, die zu friesischen Parallelfunden passt. Mehr Infos dazu hier und ein Video Tutorial hier Bitte verwendet keine nadelgebundene Kopfbedeckung. Der einzige Fund stammt aus Trier und der hat koptischen Ursprung (Ägypten). Dazu einen einfachen Gürtel mit schlichter Eisenschließe (max. 1,5 cm breit und so lang wie die heutigen Gürtel, das Ende baumelt NICHT bis zum Knie herab... mehr hier). Weitere Überlegungen, wie man einen Gürtel rekonstruiert gibt es hier Ob und was als Unterhosen getragen wurde, kann ich nicht sagen, dazu scheint es keinen Fund zu geben... Für die Frau: Schuhe: einfach wendegenähte Schuhe nach Funden aus Haithabu (wenn man nicht selbst näht, das teuerste der Ausstattung) eine Anleitung zum Selbermachen gibt es hier Socken/Strümpfe Es gibt einen Fund von Nadelgebundenen Socken aus Coppergate, datiert um 950. Das ist der einzige Fund zum Theme Nadelbinden, der halbwegs in die Region und in die Zeit passt. Für genähte Socken/Strümpfe gibt es einen Fund aus Island, mehr hier aber kann nicht mit einem Schnittmuster weiter helfen. Einfaches Leinenunterkleid, ich empfehle knöchellang, zu weiterer Unterwäsche gibt es keine Funde. Einfaches Wollkleid, bodenlang (es kann sogar schon ein wenig aufwändiger sein, da in Haitabu Schnitte mit Armkugeln gefunden wurden) Hier gibt es einen schönen Blogbeitrag, wie man Maß nimmt und wie man das in ein Schnittmuster umsetzt. Kopfbedeckung z.B. Schleier oder Haube nach Fund aus Dublin Ein Schleier mit einer brettchengewebten Vitta zeigt Dorothea. Schultertuch ein Stück Stoff 1,3 x 1,0 m (um die zu verschließen gibt es wunderschöne Nadeln aus Knochen) Wenn man kein Trägerkleid verwendet, dann kann ein einfacher Gürtel mit schlichter Eisenschließe getragen werden (max. 1,5 cm breit), in Kombination mit einem Trägerkleid ist es viel diskutiert und für mich ein 'no go', weil es zwar unzählige Funde von Schalenfibeln gibt, aber die Gürtelschnallen entweder in einem Kästchen neben der Toten, oder als Art 'Amulett' getragen wurde. Es gibt nur einen Fund aus England, wo beides in Kombination getragen wurde. Mehr hier. Wenn es denn ein Gürtel sein muss, dann behängt ihn nicht (mit Tasche, Messer, usw., denn dafür gibt es gar keinen Fund). Das Trägerkleid ist das auffällige Kleidungsstück, das man am häufigsten mit 'Wikinger' in Verbindung bringt. Dabei wird es nur in Kombination zu Schalenfibeln getragen, die mit Schlaufen (und nicht mit dicken Stoffbahnen) über der Schulter befestigt sind. Die Schlaufen hat man unzählige Male in Gräbern gefunden, das ist das, was man sicher über die Tragweise eines Trägerkleides weiß, alles andere sind Spekulationen. In dem Moment, wo man ein Trägerkleid tragen will, sollte man sich auf Zeit und Region festlegen, denn die Schalenfibeln haben eine modische Entwicklung durchlaufen. Was ist mit Verzierungen? Dazu gibt es schon Blogbeiträge von mir: Sticken Brettchenweben (bitte beachtet, dass die meisten gefundenen Borten zwischen 0,8 und 1,5 cm breit sind) Glasperlen - hier gilt, weniger ist mehr. Bei den Herren max. 3 - 4 Stück, bei den Damen nur eine einreihige Kette (wenn man einen Trägerrock hat). Und wenn es denn Seide sein soll, gibt es hier einige Informationen. Genau das gilt auch für den sonstigen Schmuck: weniger ist mehr. Vor der Anschaffung bitte festlegen, welche Zeit und Region man machen möchte und dann recherchieren, bevor man etwas kauft (Händler wollen verkaufen und sind meistens schlechte Ratgeber) Auch hier gibt es modische Entwicklungen. Als Mann ist es sinnvoll, keinen Thorshammer zu tragen, ich bin mir nicht sicher, ob es wirklich ein Fruchtbarkeitsamulett für die Frau war, wie man inzwischen oft liest, aber es wurde hauptsächlich von Frauen getragen. Pelze - es gibt einige ganz wenige Funde von Pelzen. Aber nicht als Pelzmantel, sondern als Verbrämung/Futterstoff. Es gibt zwar eine Rekonstruktion eines Fragmentes aus Hilvhoj als Mantel (die mich nicht überzeugt), aber selbst da wurde kein billiges Schaffell verwendet, sondern hochwertiger Pelz (Marder) und es gehörte zu einer richtig reichen Ausstattung, was man an der brettchengewebten Borte am Besatz erkennt. Ansonsten gibt es aus Haithabu Funde von Webpelzen, die als Ersatz verwendet wurden. Nadelbinden: Funde gibt es nur von Handschuhen und Socken. Aus recht feinem Material. Dochtwolle ist viel zu dick! Es gibt zwar aus Trier eine genadelte Kopfbedeckung (hl. Simeon), aber das ist ein 'Mitbringsel' aus Ägypten und sollte nicht als Vorlage verwendet werden. Was ist mit 'Handtaschen' - diese Taschen, wo die Holzbügel und einige wenige Textilfragmente gefunden wurden? Es kommt darauf an, was man daraus macht. Hier gibt es einige wirklich gute Interpretationen, allerdings nur auf englisch. Was geht gar nicht? Polyesterstoffe und Baumwolle – gab es damals nicht. Ihr seht den Unterschied zu Wolle und Leinen vielleicht noch nicht, aber jeder, der sich länger mit Textilien beschäftigt, sieht es. Bitte lasst bei der Auswahl von Stoffen die Finger von schottischen Tartans. Die haben ihre eigene Bedeutung und passen vom Stil her nicht zur Mode. Auch wenn es durchaus Funde von Trinkhörnern gibt, so sind diese nie, nie, nie am Gürtel getragen worden. Und Felle - nein, die wurden nicht einfach über die Schulter geworfen getragen. Siehe mein Eintrag zu Pelze. Verwendet keine modernen brettchengewebten Borten: ja, sowohl Widderhornborten, laufende Hunde, auch die beliebten 4vorwärts und 4rückwärts Borten gehören nicht an wikingerzeitliche Kleidung. Das sind die Details, die einen ersten guten Eindruck versauen. Und wenn man das berücksichtigt, dann hat man einen Einstieg geschafft. Mehr Literatur: Und bitte beachtet: Jedes Buch ist ein Kind seiner Zeit und besonders die älteren sind bei der einen oder anderen Sache nicht mehr auf dem aktuellen Stand der Forschung und deswegen mit Vorsicht zu genießen. Die Funde von Birka als Download Wikinger, Waräger, Normannen: Die Skandinavier und Europa 800-1200 Inga Hägg, "Textilien und Tracht in Haithabu und Schleswig" Inga Hägg, "Die Textilfunde aus dem Hafen von Haithabu" Inga Hägg, "Die Textilfunde aus der Siedlung und aus den Gräbern von Haithabu" Marianne Vedeler, "Silk for the Vikings" Ulla Mannering, "Iconic Costumes" Elizabeth Wincott Heckett "Viking Age Headcoverings from Dublin" Walton, P, Dyes of the Viking age, 1988 Und das ist nur der Anfang, je intensiver man sich mit einer Zeit/Darstellung befasst, um so mehr Bücher braucht man zur Recherche. Deswegen bin ich ein großer Fan der Bücherei meines Vertrauens, über die Fernleihe bekommt man fast jedes Buch für eine kleine Gebühr. Zuletzt bearbeitet am 24. November 2022
Der Begriff Lehnswesen, auch Feudalwesen oder Benefizialwesen, bezeichnet das System der Beziehungen zwischen Lehnsherren und belehnten Vasallen. Es bildete die Grundlage der hochmittelalterlichen Gesellschaftsordnung, vor allem im Heiligen Römischen Reich. Im Frühmittelalter bildete sich das Lehnswesen nach dem Vorbild des römischen Klientelwesens und aus dem germanischen Gefolgschaftswesen. Der Lehnsherr, der der rechtliche Eigentümer von Grund und Boden oder bestimmter Rechte war, verlieh die
Ein Wildkraut erster Güte100% naturbelassenes SchachtelhalmkrautIdeal zur Zubereitung eines Tees, als Badeessenz & Co.Neutraler GeschmackSorgfältig geerntet & schonend getrocknet – Für den Erhalt der Inhaltsstoffe in vollem UmfangMit Liebe und höchster Sorgfalt in einem aufwendigen Verfahren hergestellt
Als Kernaufgabe der Museen benötigt die Inventarisation zuverlässige Hilfsmittel und eine einheitliche Terminologie. In diesem Band werden zwei Sachgruppen an Geräten vorgestellt, die einerseits zur Körperpflege, zur ästhetischen und hygienischen Behandlung sowie andererseits zur medizinischen Versorgung der Menschen von der Vorgeschichte bis zum…
Früher war ein Amulett gegen Albträume sehr beliebt und hing in so mancher Schlafstube. Man dachte ein Alp, ein Nachtmahr sitzt in der Nacht auf der Brust
Ich hatte euch ja versprochen zu erklären, wie man Socken nadelbindet. Hier nun die Informationen sowie eine Anleitung. Socken sind e...
Nadelbinden / Naalbinding - bei HANDMADE Kultur findest du schöne Ideen und kostenlose DIY Aleitungen zum Selbermachen.
Viking Dragon’s head (or Wolf) mould 8th to 13th c from Birka The Vikings (approximately 8th to 13th centuries) used clay, stone or antler (for cheap mass production) moulds consisting generally of two pieces that were bound together. This is same as the Scythian animal style, instead Dragon/Wolf a "Deer with Eagles on his antler" Scythian Golden Plaquet Viking Dragon like in Turkish art Dragon with Knot "The heart of the Scorpion" Ahlat - Seljuk Turks Bridle mount in the form of a winged dragon. Viking. Date/Period: 8th C. Gilt-bronze. Statens Historiska Museum, Stockholm Odin's birds Ravens, harness mounts from Vallstenarum, Gotland, 7th century, Historiska Museum, Stockholm Norse Scandinavian Scandinavian Saka Tigrakhauda in Persepolis and Turkish Tashbaba in Altai Pointed Hats Warrior wearing Wolfskin 7th c AD. Torslunda, Danemark "Wolf Warriors" wearing animal skin is Shaman Culture Troyan Hero Dolon in Wolfskin-see Wolf Warrior in Valhalla Odin’s father was Bur, son of Búri, Odin’s mother was Bestla, a giantess, the daughter of Bölthorn. In Old Norse texts, Odin is depicted as one-eyed and long-bearded, frequently wielding a spear named Gungnir, and wearing a cloak and a broad hat. He is often accompanied by his animal companions—the wolves Geri and Freki and the ravens Huginn and Muninn, who bring him information from all over Midgard— and Odin rides the flying, eight-legged steed Sleipnir across the sky and into the underworld. Wolves Geri and Freki Ravens Huginn and Muninn in Shamanism Wolves are the protectors Ravens are the messengers Buri means in Turkish (Börü) Wolf Adgaard means As city (As Turks) Odin; OD is in Turkish "Fire" Odin is in Turkish (Odun) "Wood" And Odin was a Shaman from Tyrkland in Snorri's Edda. more Turkish names in Snorri's book: Asgaard, Göl (lake in Turkish), Orun, Qöpül, Qömül, Eykin...topographic Anar, Torkel, Atyl, Qamli (Kamli-like in the word "Kam" + Kamlı means "with Kam"), Yekul, Eqil, Erp, Eyrik, Qangleri (Kangleri - Kang Turks), Buri (Börü), Qunn (Kun Turks), Qunlauq, Eynar, Elli, Aslauq, Asdis. "Shamanism is not a religion, and Shamans, by contrast, do not have a following. A Shaman is interested in practicing their spiritual healing techniques but generally is not interested in forming a group of people to perpetuate a theology or religious structure."(Paul Sivert) "Shamans are spiritual beings with the ability to heal, work with energies and 'see' visions. The essential characteristics of shaman are mastery of energy and fire as a medium of transformation." The person who manages religious ceremonies in ancient Turkish are called "Kam", and the ceremony they ruled is called "Kamlama". Odin with his Ravens as Horns but also to be seen in Oghuz Kagan Odin with Ravens and Horn Eight Legged Sleipnir, remaind me the Scythian Turks "According to ancient authors, nomadic hordes (Large relatives communities (aşiret)/little (kabile) - tribals) Massagetae and Scythians moved across the steppes in carts. Each family had a pair of oxen and a cart ("eight-legged Scythians"), which served as her permanent home. The wagon people were born, lived, worked and died there. The men traveled on horseback, and the women ran the wagon, which were their children and all the family's property was." (MP Gryaznov) Weathervane, (copy Plastic, original Bronze) Weathervanes were fastened on top of ships’ masts. Ringerike-style ornamentation. Odin with Ravens These symbols are represnting the moon, also to be seen in Turkish inscriptions and Scythian artifacts. Swedish Professor Åke Daun show that foreigners perceive Swedes as being cold heartless people with a sluggish mind. These are traits that can be attributed to their Attila-genes.... According to Professor of Archeology at the University of Oslo, Lotte Hedeager, the old Norwegian (and also Swedish) ruling class consisted of Huns. ... many of the names given in the Nordic sagas are parallel to the names of Hunnic kings, like Halfdan (Huldin), Roar (Ruga), Ottar (Ottar), and Adils (Attila). ... Atle, which is derived from Attila, is a common name in present day Scandinavia. By Tor G. Jakobsen, NTNU * "in the book 'Iron Age Myth and Materiality' by Prof.Lotte Hedeager has used the same source as I did in 1994." Mehmet Turgay Kürüm, 2011 from the press about it: Undermines the foundations of the earliest Scandinavian history: Was St. Olaf one Huner? September 29th, 2011/ link SENSATION: Archaeology professor Lotte Hedeager detects - with support from a long forgotten Danish researcher - that totally kings Olav Tryggvason and St. Olaf might have been of hunisk lineage. Here is the professor in front Unraveling Haugen in Jessheim, Scandinavia's largest burial mound, built along the lines of Asian burial mounds from the migration season. Photo: Bjørn Bratten IDEAS: Huns and other Asian nomads may hundreds of years in the migration period, perhaps up until the Viking Age, have occupied the area that today is the Nordic countries. It believes archeology professor Lotte Hedeager, head of the Department of Archaeology, Conservation and History at the University of Oslo. The professor's findings may mean that Norwegian completely kings Saint Olav and Olav Tryggvason was of hunisk lineage. - It would have been many centuries since the Huns were there. But assuming it is the same royal families as purely biological still, it would not surprise me if it was actually a remnant of something hunisk in this royal family (Yngling. Ed.), Said archeology professor Lotte Hedeager. Almost the same thought Snorri Sturluson. Down through the centuries, he was rebuffed and ridiculed by the church and the monarchy - and in recent years of large sections of academia - for their accounts of the Turkish commander Odin and his ways with people and languages of northern areas. ACCORDING SNORRE was Odin and his Turkish ancestors of the Nordic royal families, Yngling in Norway / Sweden and shield kids in Denmark. It was shocking enough for both royal and church power Snorre time. Hedeager detects - almost down to the last detail - with the support of a long forgotten Danish linguist, the Nordic royal families - with absolutely kings Olav Tryggvason and St. Olaf - have been huniske! Professor Hedeager hunerspor bringeth the whole basis of the earliest Scandinavian history as it has been interpreted over the last hundred years nasjonsbyggings- and nationalization processes. Hedeager think Snorre has mistaken Odin journey with Attila occupation journey across Europe in the 400s and that Snorri through the myths and legends that arose was inspired to around seven hundred years later to write about the Turkish people's journey to the north. Attila ruled the once over a vast European realm that stretched from the Caspian Sea to the North Sea and the Baltic states, ie the north to "islands of oceanic" - according to historian Prisco who visited Attila at his court. - Huns ATTACK must have been an unheard earth-shattering event, of a kind never before seen, and that was a very special experience for the Scandinavians. It is understandable that Attila Norse mythology was confused with the already existing Germanic god Wotan / Odin and that both the Huns and Odin gods were seen as examples of fighters who were loyal to his king, writes Hedeager. - There was an entirely new and hierarchical social order, and Norse mythology was transformed for centuries to come, says professor Hedeager. IN ITS HIGHLY controversial new book, "Iron Age Myth and Materiality - An Archeology of Scandinavia AD 400-1000", published by the British / American science publishing house Routledge these days, says Lotte Hedeager that the old Norwegian migration story of Odin and the Aesir - Snorri's account in the prologue to Edda - is a reinvented mythological account of Huns conquest of Scandinavia. Lotte Hedeager relies inter alia to the long forgotten Danish scientist Niels Lukman as a lecture for his doctorate in German in Leipzig during the war argued that the Huns were in Scandinavia, not just on a short visit, but that they were in power in the area for a long time. Lukman lecture has been little known outside Germany, has never been translated into any Nordic languages and has been academically ignored. It was the middle during the German occupation and the Danes were in urgent need of some heroes that they could rely on. And there came Niels your heroes proved, the biggest of them, to be Huns, Goths and Heruli, wrote a colleague who was present in hindsight. - His masterly INTERPRETATION of the Scandinavian history before 800 deserves attention, writes Hedeager. Lukman doctoral dissertation, titled "Shield Young und Skil Finger" identifies an independent hunisk tradition, rooted in the stories of the Nordic royal ranks and their relationship to Hlridargard, today Lejre on Zealand, and Old Uppsala in Mälaren- area. The traditions include several well confirmed historical figures before and after Attila. The Nordic figures Skjold Young-Skil Finger tradition - Halfdan, Roar, Ottar and Adils - coincides with the huniske kings Huldin (399-410), Ruga (422-34), Ottar (? -430) And Attila (434-53) mentioned in the Roman Gothic historian Jordanes gotersaga (De origine acti busque Getarum (551 AD). - THESE COMMON information, which was consistent down to the smallest detail, forced Lukman to conclude that the Huns not only traveled north but actually established itself as a ruling elite in Scandinavia even before Attila's time, and they stayed in the area until Attila's son and successor Helleacs (ie Helge) defeat against the Ostrogoths in 455, writes Lotte Hedeager. According to Niels Lukman came a group of herulske kings returning to Sweden with his people in 512, and survived in the area until the Viking era and beyond in the early Middle Ages. - The historical evidence for the emergence of the new royal families are supported by that revived monumental burial traditions that have been verified archaeologically of unprecedented discovery of burial mounds, which in Sweden Old Uppsala, Norwegian Borre and Lejre on Zealand, says Professor Lotte Hedeager. HUN detected also how for example. gullbrakteatene produced in places like Gudme on Funen, was a development of Byzantine gullmedaljonger honor of Roman emperors, so that the Roman emperors were replaced by the Nordic king of gods, Odin. - A new shamanistic practices were introduced. The largest groups of gold bracteates illustrates a shamanistic representation of soul journey: the head of a man disguised as a bird, rides on a creature that looks like a horse, but have horns and beards. - It is my hypothesis that the Huns were the most important transformative component in Europe by Roman times. Historical sources, poetic narratives, iconography and animal art, as well as the amount of Roman gold, points to all the Huns, writes Lotte Hedeager in his new book. * Attila the Hun and his people are Turkish people The Eastern sojourn of German peoples and their subsequent return is clearly marked in futhark. Arild Hauge maintains a Web site on the subject of Futhark. He follows the conventional belief that runes were created about AD 100 to 200 among Goths or other Germanic tribes located in an area north of the Black Sea. He supposes that Futhark was stimulated by the model of the Greek and Latin alphabets, but Hauge links to Kjell Aartun who supposes that runes were one of many writing systems found in Asia Minor (Turkey-SB) as far back as 2000 DC from which the Greek and Latin alphabets were also developed. Also linked to Hauge's Web site is Turkish scholar Turgay Kurum (M.Turgay Kürüm-SB) who establishes a relationship between Futhark and Goktur, a script found on the Orhun Monuments in the Orhun River valley south of Lake Baykal in Central Asia. Kurum has gone so far as to read the as yet undeciphered Klyver stone from Stanga, the Istaby stone from Blekinge, and the Mjbro stone from Uppland Sweden using the Gokturk style of reading characters. Rendered roughly in today's English, the Mjbro stone reads: May both of the dogs charge well, so that the sacred sky-spirit acknowledges their boldness. On this stone, under the inscription, there is a carving of a rider on his horse, holding up a round shield in his left hand while brandishing a sword in his right. There are two dogs running beside the horse. The runes on the Mojbro stone were being used as a phonetic alphabet with no association with the original Futhark meanings. Kurum supposes Germanic runes and Gokturk have both stemmed from a common ancestor in a very remote past. The Turkish language now also belongs to the Turkish-Altaic family rather than the Indo-European family, but Joseph Greenberg included them in his earlier Eurasian language family. The similarity between Futhark and Gokturk is so high that it is imposible to deny a close association. Before it was discovered in 1893 that the Orhun inscriptions represented a Turkish language, European scholars supposed that they represensted a Viking invasion from the West. All subsequent explanations have been unsatisfactory and the Orhun inscriptions are largely ignored today. Greek myth preserves a memory of the German Heraclides that had moved to the region north of the Crimea after the impact of Typhon. We have seen the social intermeingling at the verge of forest and steppe throught the eyes of Heredotus who described the Germanic peoples, which he called the Budini, along with the Turkich Scythes, and the Sarmatians who comprised Scythian males and Finnish females called Amazons who spoke the language of Scythia, but not well according to Heredotus. There is no doubt that these Germanic, Finnish, Turkic peoples sat around each other's campfires, chewing the fat late into the night, chanting the epic stories, and singing of lost loves and civilizations.... In Norse tradition the Sky-Turks (Gokturks-SB), Scythians, and/or Sarmatians are remembered as the white elves of Alfheim who were skilled metalworkers. The king of the white elves of Alfheim was Freyr. These elves practiced the metalworking skills of relatives called the black dwarves of gnomes of Swartalfheim. These would appear to be the Turkic trbies who lived in Eastern Anatolia in the valleys of the headwaters of the Tigris and the Euphrates Rivers. It was the same dwarfish forges that produced bronze thousands of years before that would now produce iron. And the Proto-Indo-European root that had produced *Eis meaning "ire" and "irate", would now come to stand for the sacred metal of the Age of Iraon following the cosmic impact of Typhon. When Odin returned from the East he would bring with him smelting and forging methods that involved the use of hardwood charcoal. Od in Turkish means "fire", odun means "firewood". Odin the Ygg was the "good young firewood". After his return to the West, Odin would also learn things that he had forgotten from his blue-eyed, blond-haired Jotnar cousins who stayed in the Scandinavian highlands. From a Volva, Odin learned how to brew beer again, and he doubtless learned some of the ancient meanings of the runes. The word Yggdrasil, the Nordic Tree of Life, is a cognate with the Turkish words Yigac asil, meaning "noble main tree". This, like Tengri, was likely a contribution from Germanic to Turkic unless it is a case of convergent evolution with the roots coming from a common earlier ancestor in Eurasian. As we have seen Ygg comes from Ing.Yig, like Ing and Ygg, means "young" coming from the Eurasian root *Yeug of *Jeug, which has also given us the Tibetan Nge Jung meaning "to be born again", and the Chinese character Yong meaning "everlastin", "perpetual" and "forever". The tree of life in Norse legend refers to the first male mrotal, Ask, who was fashioned from an ash tree. Two ash trees are actually involved in Norse tradition. The rowan or mountain ash, Sorbus aucuparia, gave us the Norse word runa meaning "charm", Swedish word ronn meaning "red" as in its red berries. Ash as in Asgard refers to the "center post" or "king post" provided by the true ash tree, Fraxinus excelsior. Neither of these ash trees occurs naturally in the East. In the West it would be the oleaginous true-ash-tree that would used to give the highest heat for the purpose of metalworking and would become the "noble main tree" of life for Odin leaving the rowan in the lurch, the icon of a failed religion. We have proposed that the union of the twenty-two character Futhark symbols occured just before the Germanic sojourn to the East. The runes from Yr to Ing represent the ten runes of the older calender, Ing being Njorth. Njorth is associated with the beginning and the end of the calendar year. The runes from Feu to Jara represent the twelve-month zodiacal calendar, imported from Sumerian tradition. Jara is known as Freyr's rune. In Icelandic Freyr is called the year god and is associated with the beginning and the end of the calendar year. Freyr bore the title of Yngvi or Ingunar so he was Njorth for the new age. Herein we have the basis for the alphabetical symbol set of twenty-two characters. But the modern Futhark set contains twenty-four symbols rather than twenty-two. Turgay Kurum solves this riddle as well. Turgay Kurum has read the oldest extant Futhark twenty-four character rune row from the ylver stone in stanga, Gotland. This is the order of the runes that we have shown above. He point sout the characters 22,23 and 24 if read from right to left - Ogal, Dag and Ing - give us Oding or Odin. Turgay Kurum suggests that the last two last characters, Ogal and Dag, were added at the beginning of the Iron Age with the return of Odin's people to the West. In other words, the modern Futhark set is Odin's signed and sealed symbol set that he and his people brought back to the West. Odin's Germanic Futhark also carried with it the rustic sibilance of the steppes peoples of Central Asia reflected in endings such as Uruz, Thurisaz, Tiwaz and Ingwaz that many modern renditions of Futhark still give them. A Modern Theory of Language Evolution Carl J. Becke "Northwest, particularly in Sweden, Norway and Denmark, are approximately 3500 stones. It will be right, if these findings, which is called Futhark, evaluate with Gokturk (Orkhun) inscriptions." İsmail Doğan (Göktürk Yazısı,Türkler cilt 3) THE DIGGINGS IN ODEN'S HOWE, UPSALA 1846 These diggings were conducted by Riks Antiquary B.E.Hildebrand and Lieut-Colonel Stat, chiefly in the days of August-September 1846 and June 1847. The only printed notices thereon appeared at the time, chiefly from the pen of B.E.Hildebrand in the Upsala paper 'Correspondenten' Nos- 1846-1847 1. Correspondenten September 12-1846 - Diggings going on but prove more laborious than had been expected. 2. Correspondenten September 1846 - A boarded gallery 7 Swedish feet 5 inches high and 5 feet broad has been consturcted from the east side of the howe (Oden's Howe, the largest of the three so-called King-howes) towards the centre. After penetrating 68 feet (20 mt) a mighty wall of granite blocks was struck, probably a grave-chamber. During the digging have been found unburnt animal bones, bits of dark wood, charcoal, burnt bones, etc.Thus this was evidently a sepulchral mound. The name King-howes is evidently correct. Diggings have also been made in the smaller cairns near by, and although they have been opened before, burial-urns have been found, burnt human bones, bones of animals and birds, bits of iron and bronze,etc. 3. Correspondenten September 1846 - The great wall has proved to be the edge of a mşghty chamber. Between 200 and 300 large granite blocks have been taken out. Some of them have traces of tooling. The gallery has been carried 16 Swedish feet through the stone mass, which lies on hard packed clay, over a layer of fine sand, resting on large stones above the natural soil. At the middle of the howe the grave-chamber is 9 feet above the level of the soil, 18 feet under the top of the howe. On the bed of clay under the great stones have been found an iron clinker 3 inches long, remains of pine poles partly burnt, a lock of hair chestnut coloured, etc. The numerous clusters of charcoal show that the dead had been burned on the layer of clay, and the bones have been collected in an urn not yet found. In oner of the neares samll howes have been found a quantity of burnt animal and human bones, two little-injured bronze brooches, a fragment of a golden ornament, etc. 4. Correspondenten June 23 1847 - The burial-urn has been found in the grave-chamber. Also have turned up bones of men, horses, dogs, a golden ornament delicately worked, a bone comb, bone buttons... 5. Correspondenten July 3 1847 - The gallery has been dreiven 4 feet farther, thereafter has been made a side gallery, 8,5 feet wide and 8 feet long, up to the burial-urn. This was found 3 inches under the soil, and was covered with a thin slab. It was 7 inches high 9 inches in diameter, filled with burnt bones, human and animal (horse, dog,etc.) ashes, charcoal (of needle and leaf trees), nails, copper ornaments, bone articles, a bird of bone.etc. In the mass of charcoal about were found bones, broken ornaments, bits of two golden bracteates,ets. Coins of King OScar were then placed in the urn, and everything restored as before. Frey's Howe was opened and showed the same results.....page 526-527 In a smaller barrow close by were found fragments of a coarse, dark-coloured urn, a flint arrow-head, a samll piece of iron, part of a bridle-bit, and several horses' teeth ; .... page 12 It was surrounded by a circle of great stones, within which was the cairn, originally, probably, 40 or 50 feet high. All this has been removed to such an extent as to expose the kistvaen or dolmen in its centre. Its cap stone is 10 feet square and 2 feet thick, and is of limestone, as are its supports. All the other monuments are composed of granite boulders. "Those who first opened it assert that they found nothing within but burnt wood and human bones. The half-calcined bones of horses and other animals were and are still found in this cairn in great quantities"....page 182 To return, however to King Hildetand. According to the saga, "After the battle the conqueror, Sigurd Ring, caused a search to be made for the body of his uncle. The body when found was washed and placed in the chaiot in which Harald had fought, and transported into the interior of a tumulus which Sigurd had caused to be raised. Harald's horse was then killed and buried in the mond with the saddle of Ring, so that the king might at pleasure proceed to Walhalla either in his chariot or on horseback. Ring then gave a great funeral feast, and invited all the nobles and warriors present to throw into the mound great rings and noble armour in honour of the king Harald. They then closed up the mound with care." This mound still exits at Lethra's Harald, capital in Seeland....page 282 One of them is described by Mr.Feraud as surrounded by a circular enceinte, 12 metres, nearly 40 feet ,n diameter. The chamber of the dolmen measured 7 feet by 3 feet 6 inches. At the feet of the skeleton were the bones and teeth of a horse, and an iron bridle-bit.....page 404 In one tomb known as Kouloba, or Hill of Cinders, were found the remains of a chief, with his wife, their servants, and a horse. He wore a cap ornamented with gold, a gold enamelled necklace, and gold bracelets, and his sword was of iron.....page 446 - Rude Stone DATA ON HORSE BURIALS ARE MORE SCANTY , BECAUSE THEIR REMAINS WERE NOT ALWAYS COLLECTED. AND SOMETIMES WERE NOT EVEN MENTIONED IN THE RECORD OF EXCAVATIONS....!!! "KURGAN" , "HORSE BURIAL " "BABA" TURKISH CULTURE N.Kisamov - Türkic Substrate in English JOURNAL OF EURASIAN STUDIES, October-December 2013 makale için: About, TURKISH "ALP" - NORDIC PEOPLE "ELF": Old Scandinavian records inform that ancestors of the Scandinavian peoples had condensed contacts wth the region where ancient Turks used to live, and sometimes directly with the Turks. They contain very significant cultural elements. Besides, some ethnic contacts occured. Consequently, withnessing the very similarity of typecasting of heroes, which is one of the most outstanding cultural peculiarities, of the Scandinavian and Turanic realms is not very suprising. In addition, basic words of the two denominting heroes are strikingly similar to each other, and likely cognate. Doç.Dr.Osman Karatay and Emre Aygün link : Osman Karatay other articles Emre Aygün articles Turgay Kürüm's web page: MYSTERY OF THE FUTHARK ALPHABET the original writing style was from right to left. KURGAN (TUMULUS) - SCANDiNAViAN - TURKiSH CULTURE İSKANDİNAV VE TÜRK / SCANDiNAViANS AND TURKS TYRCKER - TYRKER - TURKER - TÜRKER - TÜRK+ER Oseberg Kurgan with Horse and Knotted Tail Yrd.Doç.Dr.Osman Karatay'dan Old Scandinavian records inform that ancestors of the Scandinavi‐an peoples had condensed contacts with the region where ancient Turks used to live, and sometimes directly with the Turks. They con‐tain very significant cultural elements. Besides, some ethnic contacts occurred. Consequently, witnessing the very similarity of typecasting of heroes, which is one of the most outstanding cultural peculiarities, of the Scandinavian and Turanic realms is not very surprising. In addition, basic words of the two denominating heroes are strikingly similar to each other, and likely cognate. Alpler ve Elfler: Türk ve İskandinav Dünyalarında Kahramanlık Olgusu, II. Uluslararası Türk Dünyası Kültür Kongresi, 19-25 Nisan 2010, Çeşme. Özgür Barış Etli'den iki yazı: İSKANDİNAV MİTOLOJİSİNİN KÖKENİNDEKİ TÜRK MİTOLOJİSİ Vikings dizisinde Türk Ögeleri SB
Explore Kai-Erik's 33970 photos on Flickr!
This tutorial may help you cast on your first stitches for a nålbinding round start.
Funnel-shaped beaker, copy Glass The original is of Frankish provenance. The original is a grave find, Björkö, Adelsö, Uppland, Sweden. SHM 29750:517
Same note as always: Almost all of my information is from the Finnish Iron Age Facebook group and the documents they link to. Another one of the best resources is Mervi’s blog (which I’…
Embark on a culinary journey through time and explore the flavors and dishes of the Viking Age. These authentic Viking recipes will give you a taste of the foods that nourished the legendary Norse warriors. From hearty stews to rustic bread, these dishes provide a glimpse into the Viking's daily life...
Anglo Saxon King by JFoliveras
Restless Times. Archaeology in Germany is a major temporary exhibition in Berlin of the most impressive archaeological finds in Germany during the past 20 years. See it from 21 September 2018 to 6 January 2019.
Hartmann Schedel, Die Schedelsche Weltchronik, [Michel Wolgemut und Wilhelm Pleydenwurff], Nürnberg, 1493.
Viking amber head, Denmark. From the National Museum, Copenhagen.The PrintThis photographic print leverages sophisticated digital technology to capture a level of detail that is absolutely stunning. The colors are vivid and pure. The high-quality archival paper, a favorite choice among professional photographers, has a refined luster quality.Paper Type:Photographic PrintFinished Size:9" x 12"Arrives by Fri, Apr 26Product ID: 15836600Related TagsTop, Artists, Art, Artists by Name, C, Conger, Dean
How did medieval people pass the time during the coldest part of the year? I came across several instances of medieval people strapping on skates and taking a twirl (or a tumble!) on the ice. Here is how it all began!
~ Historisches Museum Oslo ~ ~2013~ Teil 2 /Part 2 p Brillenhelm aus einem Männergrab Gjermundbu, Ringerike k., Buskerud, NO 10. Jahrhundert Man’s grave, Gjermundbu, Ringerike k., Buskerud, N…
