Earth Star Geastrum sp., Mt Eccles NP, Victoria.
Geastrum triplex
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High speed macro of an earthstar (Geastrum triplex, Basidiomycota, Geastrales). Found on old mulch (Botanic garden Meise, Belgium, 15 September 2017). This image shows that spores are discharged from the fruitbody (inner sac) by impacting raindrops. Studiowork; focus stack based on 18 images, assembled in Zerene Stacker (Dmap & Pmax). Sony A7Rm2 + Metabones adapter + Canon EF 100mm 1:2.8L IS USM; ISO-50, f/4, 1/4000s. Highspeed synchronized flash (Godox AD200) from the left, mirror on the right. This is how it works: The camera was fixed on a tripod + wired remote. The entire setup and the subject should not move. All images were taken at 1/4000s. First 14 images were taken to obtain a nice focus stack of the fruit body. Then the lens was focused on the apical pore (mouth). Then the fruit body was photographed while carefully dripping water from ca. 50 cm high. I used a syringe for that. The drops have to fall exactly on the sac (endoperidium). The sac has to be wet, so mist the fruit body with some water before you start. To manually photograph the exact moment of impact, it takes some trial and error. I ended up with 300 images, 4 of which showed very nice clouds of spores or droplets. Finally the 18 (14+4) images were loaded as 1 batch in Zerene Stacker. Since nothing moved during the process, the 18 images nicely blended together. The Godox AD200 did a great job and I was happily surprised with its steady performance and excellent battery life (at 1/32).
A journey amongst the weird, the wonderful and the downright ugly of the natural world.
On 30.10.2017 I made my first, of two, 10.5 hour / 520 mile (round trip) drives into Wales to do a search for the rarely recorded Earthstar species Geastrum lageneforme, the Flask Earthstar. Searching the BMS FRDBI database (British Mycological Society, The Fungal Records Database of Britain and Ireland) beforehand, there were only 46 U.K. records from 1822 to 2017 ! This time, a very helpful local lady most kindly took me to the areas that she had seen Earthstars in. That is where the identification problems kicked in. After seeing some old Sessile Earthstars in one area I then saw a total of over 35 Earthstar fruiting bodies in two other small areas. Looking at one group of 3 , to my delight I could immediately tell that they were Flask Earthstars. To me, the other ones looked similar to Sessile (G fimbriatum) and Collared Earthstars (G triplex) but I could tell they were different. On returning home I e-mailed several of my photos to a friend who is an expert in Earthstars and has studied them in the field for 40 years. He hadn’t seen this species yet, but from my photos, confirmed what I thought, that some were definitely Geastrum lageniforme and that the rest looked very much like Geastrum saccatum (a species not yet recorded in the U.K.). The only way to tell for sure was to have samples DNA tested. So, on the 4th November I was heading to another part of Wales to search for the Elegant Earthstar (Geastrum elegans) and decided to return to that site and collect spores and 2 or 3 fruiting bodies/eggs to send to Kew laboratories in London for expert DNA testing. TODAY I received the results back from Kew confirming all the samples/spores were from the Flask Earthstar (Geastrum lageniforme). I was very happy with this, as I can now be 100% confident that all my photos on here that are labelled as Flask Earthstar are definitely this species. There are 19 species of Earthstar in the U.K. and this was the 12th species of Earthstar that I had seen during the 4 months to December 2017. As of today, 28.3.2018 I have only Geastrum Berkeleyi (Berkeley's Earthstar) left to see , but that has not been seen in the U.K. since 2004 , 13 years ago! Mark Joy 28.3.2018
1366) 'Berkeley's Earthstar", Montenegro: "Posta Crne Gore" (Montenegro Post) has issued a postage stamp of 0.95 Euro commemorating the rare mushroom species found in Montenegro: Date of Stamp issue: 16.03.2020: Berkeley's Earthstar ("Geastrum Berkeley") is a rare species of mushroom of the Geastrum genus, which inhabits deciduous and coniferous light forests, always near trees. In Montenegro, it was first found at an altitude of about 1,100 metres below the Hawthorn ("Crategus spp."), which grew in conjunction with spruce and fir (Picea spp. and Abies spp.) also. In Europe, it is present in the United Kingdom, Southern Norway, Central Sweden, Southern Finland, Estonia and Central Europe, with sub-continental climate, as well as, in North and South America (Costa Rica) and Hawaii. It is also found in Asia, including in Japan. The Stamp issue by "Posta Crne Gore" (Montenegro Post): Montenegro Post has brought out a commemorative Stamp and First Day Cover (FDC) on the Berkeley's Earthstar: The 0.95 Euro postage stamp featuring the Flora Berkley's Earthstar. It is titled "Flora Berkelove zvjezdaca" (Geastrum berkeleyi) 2020". The stamp bears the inscription - "CRNA GORA - MONTENEGRO" and the logo of "Posta Crna Gora" (Montenegro Post). The First Day Cover (FDC) is titled "Flora Berkeley's earthstar (Geastrum berkeleyi)" and bears the logo of Posta Crne Gore (Montenegro Post) on the lower periphery. At top right is affixed the postage stamp issued, which bears the Special Cancellation Stamp/postmark dated "13.03.2020". Technical Details: Stamp issue date: 16.03.2020 Stamp denomination/value: 0.95 Euro Stamp size: 42.0 mm x 28.0 mm Printer: "Forum" - Novi Sad Designer: Ivana Kadic Links: 1) National Bank of Serbia issues: Coinage and Currency: "Dinara" or Dinars 2) "Berkeley's Earthstar", Montenegro: "Posta Crne Gore (Montnegro Post) has issued a postage stamp of 0.95 Euro commemorating the rare mushroom species found in Montenegro: Date of stamp issue: 16.03.2020
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A false earthstar is a type of fungi recognized by its unique star-like shape.
