The Technological Boom of the 19th Century

Introduction The Industrial Revolution stands as a pivotal point in human history, marking a radical shift in the way societies functioned and economies oper

The French celebrate their National Day each year on July 14 by remembering the storming of the Bastille, the hated symbol of the old regime. According to the standard narrative, the united people took the law in its own hands and gave birth to modern France in a heroic revolution. But in the view of Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), the famous German philosopher, there was no real revolution, understood as an unlawful and violent toppling of the old regime.

Fashion Flashback: Given that fashion was instrumental in the creation of Canada, this blog series explores the development of what Canadians wore one era at a time. Woman’s Dress (Redingote) (c. 1…

Für die Soldaten der Subsidien-Truppen wird im Verlauf der Kämpfe immer deutlicher, dass der Gegner ihre Pläne bereits kennt und sich darauf eingestellt hat. Ist es denn denkbar, dass es in ihren Reihen Verräter gibt? Premierleutnant Friedrich Oberbeck und seine Jäger sind auf der Hut. Sie beobachten ihre Umgebung genau und finden eine erste Spur...

Here are some 19th century paintings depicting the American Revolution. Alfred Wordsworth Thompson: Halt at the Outpost (1881) Archibald Willard: The Spirit of '76 (1876) [more about this painting] Frank Blackwell Mayer: The Continentals (1875) Franz Ludwig Catel: Molly Pitcher at The Battle of Monmouth, 1778 [who was Molly Pitcher? find out here] Howard Pyle: Redcoat Soldiers Toasting the Ladies Howard Pyle: The Nation Makers Jennie Brownscombe: Washington Greeting Lafayette at Mount Vernon William Tylee Ranney: First News of the Battle of Lexington (1847) William Tylee Ranney: Recruiting for the Continental Army (1857-59)

This is a picture book of Ikémen Revolution. The characters, art work, and stories aren't mine they belong to the Cybird's Company! Enjoy this book!💕 ⚠️Warning you must and I mean MUST be 18 or older to view this book!⚠️

Course on Anti-Imperialism, War and Peace, Part 1b Revolution in Paris, France: February 1848 The First International The Communist Manifesto is a deliberately internationalist document. Karl Marx and Frederick Engels were deployed to write it by the international Communist League, of which they were members. The League was strongly based among continental workers in London, where the first edition was printed (in German) while Marx was running a part of it in Brussels, Belgium. Engels was in Germany, and Communist League members were in action in many other countries including France. The Manifesto’s publication coincided almost exactly with the outbreak of revolution in France, in February of 1848, which quickly spread to other countries. The final Chapter IV of the Manifesto says among other things that: “… the Communists everywhere support every revolutionary movement against the existing social and political order of things,” and it finishes with the famous slogan “Working Men of All Countries, Unite!” The Communist Manifesto is one of the first two books of Marxism to come into the public realm. Both were written and published in 1847/early 1848 (the other book is “The Poverty of Philosophy”). Marxism was internationalist from the start and it has never ceased to be so. Most of the revolutions of 1848 were aimed at overthrowing feudal monarchies, or in other words turning kingdoms into republics, if necessary by supporting the bourgeoisie in the anti-monarchy revolution. The content of Marxist internationalism to this day includes relentless opposition to monarchy. Marx’s 1864 Address to the International Working Men’s Association (The First International) was the consequence of his being invited and elected to the leadership of that organisation formed in London in a hall next to where the South African High Commission now stands. Please download and read the Address in the downloadable document linked below. Marx had been in exile in London since 26 August 1849 after being banished in quick succession from Belgium, Germany and France. In 1864, Marx’s reputation was that of being the foremost internationalist of his time. The First International survived until the fall of the Paris Commune in 1871. The Second International was established at a gathering in Chur, Switzerland ten years later in 1881, two years before Marx’s death in 1883 and fourteen years before Engels’ death in 1895. The Second International fostered Lenin and Rosa Luxemburg among many others. Its collapse in 1914 marked the great division between the opportunists (such as the “renegade” Kautsky) who in the face of imperialist war folded their internationalism and became cowardly national chauvinists, and on the other hand the true internationalists like Luxemburg and Lenin who opposed the imperialist war. These latter ones, the true internationalists, were also the communists, who established the communist parties of today. The Third International, also called the Communist International (or Comintern) was launched in Soviet Russia less than two years after the October Revolution, in 1919, and in 1921 it admitted the Communist Party of South Africa into membership, thus founding the party that is today known as the South African Communist Party, the SACP. The history of the communists is an unbroken line of internationalism of which the SACP is an indissoluble part. The SACP is still internationalist and it continues to promote the same relentless anti-monarchical, anti-feudal, anti-colonial, anti-neo-colonial, anti-imperialist cause as before and will do so until the day of continental permanent proletarian revolution dawns in Africa. Please download and read the text via the following link: International Working Mens’ Association Inaugural Address, 1864, Marx (3320 words) Further reading: Address to the Communist League Central Committee, March 1850, Marx (4120 words) On War, Chapter 1, What is War?, 1827, Clausewitz (7916 words)

In this article, we'll take a closer look at some of the most famous Realism paintings, artworks that define the Realism art movement.

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This is a picture book of Ikémen Revolution. The characters, art work, and stories aren't mine they belong to the Cybird's Company! Enjoy this book!💕 ⚠️Warning you must and I mean MUST be 18 or older to view this book!⚠️

The army that opposed American independence has its roots in the 17th century, with the formation of the “New Model Army” as a permanent standing army...

The French Revolution is the story of the Jacobins; the Reign of Terror; the Guillotine; the Vendee Uprising; King Louis XVI; Robespierre; Bigot; the Illuminati; the Cult of Reason; Marie Antionette; the Affair of the Necklace; Cagliostro; Atheism; Communism; Feminism; Satanism; and the Antichrist.

This is a picture book of Ikémen Revolution. The characters, art work, and stories aren't mine they belong to the Cybird's Company! Enjoy this book!💕 ⚠️Warning you must and I mean MUST be 18 or older to view this book!⚠️

Kicked out of his home country of Germany for his sexual orientation, “Baron Von Steuben” was responsible for whipping the the U.S. military into shape when things were looking bleakest.

This is a picture book of Ikémen Revolution. The characters, art work, and stories aren't mine they belong to the Cybird's Company! Enjoy this book!💕 ⚠️Warning you must and I mean MUST be 18 or older to view this book!⚠️

Have you ever heard of the Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Revolution? It’s not often talked about in history classes, yet it played a pivotal role in shaping South American politics and society in the late 19th and early 20th centuries1. This movement brought significant changes, especially in Ecuador, and its ripple effects were felt across the […]

This poster was made on the occasion of the Laibach concert in Athens, Greece, on the anniversary of the Greek Revolution, 25th March, 2018.

The rapid advancement of mass production and transportation made life a lot faster under the Second Industrial Revolution.

The American Revolutionary War is remembered as citizen-soldiers battling the professional troops of Great Britain and its German mercenary allies in the woods, fields, and towns of the British colonies. American militias sought to secure the frontiers while a professional army was slowly enlisted, trained, and deployed. While these events…