Berlin's underground bunkers once served a major purpose during war times, and are still able to be toured to this day.

YouTube Video YouTube Video in 360° YouTube Channel S75 is the ammunition depot of the Bunker and The S80 is the for machine room and room for crew. The 38 cm SK C/34 naval gun was developed by Germany mid to late 1930s. It armed the Bismarck-class battleships and was planned as the armament of the O-class battlecruisers and the re-armed Scharnhorst-class battleships. Six twin-gun mountings were also sold to the Soviet Union and it was planned to use them on the Kronshtadt-class battlecruisers, however they were never delivered. Spare guns were used as coastal artillery in Denmark, Norway and France. One gun is currently on display at Møvig Fortress outside Kristiansand. Ammunition It used the standard German naval system of ammunition where the base charge was held in a metallic cartridge case and supplemented by another charge in a silk bag. Both cartridges were rammed together. Propellant charge Main charge: 38 cm HuelsKart34 – GefLdG – 108 kg (238 lb) RPC 38 (16/7) Fore charge: 38 cm VorKart34 – GefLdG – 104 kg (229 lb) RPC 38 (16/7) Shell Four types of shells were used by the 38 cm SK C/34 although the Siegfried-Granate could only be used by the coast defense versions. Almost 40 percent lighter, this latter shell could be fired with a reduced charge at 920 metres per second (3,000 ft/s) out to 40 kilometres (44,000 yd). With a full charge it reached 1,050 metres per second (3,400 ft/s) and could travel 55.7 kilometres (60,900 yd) – over 34 miles. Naval gun The data given is according to Krupp datasheet 38 cm S.K.C/34 e WA52-453(e). This gun was mounted in pairs in the Drh.L. C/34e turret which allowed elevation from -5° 30' to +30°. Each gun had an individual cradle, spaced 3.5 metres (11 ft) apart, but they were normally coupled together. In general the turret was hydraulically powered, but the training gear, auxiliary elevation, auxiliary hoists and some loading gear was electrically powered. The turrets weighed 1,048 tonnes (1,031 long tons; 1,155 short tons) to 1,056 tonnes (1,039 long tons; 1,164 short tons), rested on ball bearings on a 8.75 metres (28.7 ft) diameter track, could elevate 6° per second and traverse 5.4° per second. The guns were loaded at +2.5° and used a telescoping chain-operated rammer. According to German manuals the required permanent capacity for the loading equipment for ammunition was 2.5 shells per minute. During testing period at the Baltic Sea the AVKS Report states an output of the ammunition delivery system up to 3.125 shells per minute. Under battle conditions Bismarck averaged roughly one round per minute in her battle with HMS Hood and Prince of Wales. These guns were modified with a larger chamber for coast defense duties to handle the increased amount of propellant used for the special long-range Siegfried shells. Gander and Chamberlain quote a weight of 105.3 tonnes (103.6 long tons; 116.1 short tons) for these guns, presumably accounting for the extra volume of the enlarged chamber. An armored single mount, the Bettungsschiessgerüst ("Firing platform") C/39 was used by these guns. It had a maximum elevation of 60° and could traverse up to 360°, depending on the emplacement. The C/39 mount had two compartments; the upper housed the guns and their loading equipment, while the lower contained the ammunition hoists, their motors, and the elevation and traverse motors. The mount was fully powered and had an underground magazine. Normally these were placed in open concrete barbettes, relying on their armor, but Hitler thought that there was not enough protection for the guns of Battery Todt emplaced on Cap-Gris-Nez in the Pas de Calais near Wimereux and ordered a concrete casemate 3.5 m (11 ft) thick built over and around the mounts. This had the unfortunate effect of limiting their traverse to 120°. Other C/39 mounts were installed at the Hanstholm fortress in Denmark, and the Vara fortress in Kristiansand, Norway. Four Drh LC/34 turrets, three of which were originally intended to re-arm the Gneisenau and one completed to the Soviet order, modified for land service, were planned to be emplaced at Paimpol, Brittany and on the Cap de la Hague on the Cotentin Peninsula, but construction never actually began. Construction for two of those turrets was well underway at Blaavand-Oksby, Denmark when the war ended. how is a Regelbau Before and during World War II, the Wehrmacht built several standardised bunkers and weapon positions in Germany and German-occupied countries. These buildings were called Regelbau, i.e. standardised buildings. The Regelbau (German for "standard design") were a series of standardised bunker designs built in large numbers by the Germans in the Siegfried Line (German: Westwall) and the Atlantic Wall as part of their defensive fortifications prior to and during the Second World War. #Bunker #WorldWar2 #Atlanticwall

Want to ride out the apocalypse in absolute luxury? Inside a new underground bunker with all the amenities.

Was es im Berliner Untergrund nicht so alles zu finden gibt. Nicht nur Keller, kilometerlange Rohrleitungen oder Abwasserkanäle findet man hier - hier fi

Image 14 of 22 from gallery of War Bunker Refurbishment / B-ILD. Photograph by Tim Van de Velde

A massive, secret marina for the Nazis' most formidable weapon in the Atlantic.

this bunker is from second world war of type Regelbau 639, it's a Large dressing station ( Medical Bunker ) also known as big Hospital Bunker, it's German standard design for Sanitary Bunkers. youtu.be/o4d7i5VzU0s Regelbau 639, grosser Sanitätsunterstand, a field hospital bunker. Many of them were on the Atlantic wall in France, denmark. #Sanitary #Hospital #Medical

A climbing wall, a waterslide, a gun range... preparing for nuclear war just got deluxe.

TWO bunkers leading to a secret underground city were discovered in the former Soviet state of Moldova, which were built for high ranking officers to pull the strings from should World War 3 break out, an explorer revealed.

German WW2 AtlanticWall Bunker, M.Fl.B. Type Regelbau FL244 Fire control post for heavy Flak Anti Aircraft battery. YouTube Video YouTube Channel The battery is constructed according to a standard layout for this type of anti-aircraft batteries. The site still contains the fire control post of type FL244 (Fire control post for heavy Anti Aircraft battery) on the northeast side of the site and in the center of the site four gun positions of the types FL243 Emplacement for 8,8/10,5cm Anti Aircraft gun). On the south side are two ammunition bunkers of the type FL246 (Munitions Auffülrlaum für Schwere. #AtlanticWall #AtlantikWall #bunker

The Soviet Union left a chilling legacy of the Cold War dotted across Poland - bunkers that once housed nuclear warheads hidden deep in the nation's forests.

Seventy years ago today, Nazi Germany surrendered to Allied forces. Photographer Jonathan Andrews visits the sites that were once Nazi defenses.

German WW2 AtlanticWall Bunker, M.Fl.B. Type Regelbau FL244 Fire control post for heavy Flak Anti Aircraft battery. YouTube Video YouTube Channel The battery is constructed according to a standard layout for this type of anti-aircraft batteries. The site still contains the fire control post of type FL244 (Fire control post for heavy Anti Aircraft battery) on the northeast side of the site and in the center of the site four gun positions of the types FL243 Emplacement for 8,8/10,5cm Anti Aircraft gun). On the south side are two ammunition bunkers of the type FL246 (Munitions Auffülrlaum für Schwere. #AtlanticWall #AtlantikWall #bunker

AtlanticWall Regelbau Fl246 - Ammunition depot for heavy Flak Battery. YouTube Video YouTube Channel AtlanticWall Regelbau Fl246 - Ammunition depot for heavy Flak Battery - also known as Ammunition Bunker (Unterstände für Munition). Using the new Insta360 ONE R Twin Edition 360 camera. more info about this bunker after the Second World War this bunker was blown up. This bunker Type was designed by the Kriegsmarine for 'German Navy'. This bunker Type is part of the Regelbau program in the second world war. how is a Regelbau Before and during World War II, the Wehrmacht built several standardised bunkers and weapon positions in Germany and German-occupied countries. These buildings were called Regelbau, i.e. standardised buildings. The Regelbau (German for "standard design") were a series of standardised bunker designs built in large numbers by the Germans in the Siegfried Line (German: Westwall) and the Atlantic Wall as part of their defensive fortifications prior to and during the Second World War. Following the occupation of German territories west of the Rhine, fortress engineers began the construction of the Siegfried Line in 1936. In doing so they were able to benefit from their earlier experience of bunker construction. In compliance with the Versailles Treaty, they had already built the Wetterau-Main-Tauber position and Neckar-Enz position before 1936. When, in 1936, construction started on the Siegfried Line itself, they were able at the outset to utilize designs from the two earlier fortifications. From these existing plans, fortress pioneers rapidly developed improved bunkers that were built from 1937. This building phase was named the Engineer Construction Programme and was characterized by bunkers built to B1 standard thicknesses (see above). Since the thickness of these structures was soon considered to be too weak and because there was a large number Regelbau designs (and hence confusion), new types were developed and implemented from 1938. These new designs were achieved largely by simplifying and reducing the number of Regelbau types. This new building phase was called the Limes Programme. Development of Regelbau designs from 1936 to 1940 The fortress engineers were no longer in charge of construction; instead Organization Todt (OT) took over, promising Hitler it would deliver the number of structures he wanted. Plans for the Limes Programme did not envisage the inclusion of the cities of Aachen and Saarbrücken and they therefore ended up in front of the planned line of fortifications. That changed in 1939 with the Aachen-Saar Programme. From 1939, yet more new Regelbau bunkers were designed for the construction programme that saw increases in the construction thicknesses. From then on, only bunkers that met the in "B new" and "A" standards were to be built. With the outbreak of the Second World War on 1 September 1939, priorities for the construction of the Siegfried Line changed. The renewed shortage of raw materials led to the development of a new series of Regelbau designs, the so-called wartime standard designs or Kriegsregelbauten. After the "lavish" Regelbauten of the Aachen-Saar Programme, the final construction phase was dominated by massive financial constraints. For example, observation cupolas and flank firing positions were no longer provided and the rooms were smaller. #AtlanticWall #Regelbau #Bunker

German WW2 AtlanticWall Bunker, M.Fl.B. Type Regelbau FL244 Fire control post for heavy Flak Anti Aircraft battery. YouTube Video YouTube Channel The battery is constructed according to a standard layout for this type of anti-aircraft batteries. The site still contains the fire control post of type FL244 (Fire control post for heavy Anti Aircraft battery) on the northeast side of the site and in the center of the site four gun positions of the types FL243 Emplacement for 8,8/10,5cm Anti Aircraft gun). On the south side are two ammunition bunkers of the type FL246 (Munitions Auffülrlaum für Schwere. #AtlanticWall #AtlantikWall #bunker

YouTube Video YouTube Channel this bunker is a Regelbau Type L480 this is a Radar Bunker for FuMG Wassermann S Radar, The Wassermann S was mounted on a L 480 bunker. Regelbau L480 with Wassermann FuMG 402 type radar. The Wassermann radar is a German radar from the Second World War. It is a long-range version of a Freya radar equipped with a large vertical antenna which could direct the beam very precisely up to 300 km. This radar, which emitted in a wavelength around 2.4 meters, entered into service in 1942 and around 150 were built The standard for this type of the blockhouse construction has become known as L480. The radar antenna consisted of a 40 meters tall steel cylinder with mounted antennae. This type of radar carried the name Wassermann S for Schwer (heavy). This enabled the management of approaching airplanes in the airspace within a range of 300 kilometers The Wasserman radar was an early-warning radar built by Germany during World War II. The radar was a development of FuMG 80 Freya and was operated during World War II for long range detection. It was developed under the direction of Theodor Schultes, beginning in 1942. Wasserman was based on largely unchanged Freya electronics, but used an entirely new antenna array in order to improve range, height-finding and bearing precision. Seven different versions were developed. The two most important versions are: The radio measurement equipment FuMG.41 Wassermann L (German: Leicht = light) was a constellation of four Freya antennas on top of each other, mounted on a 40-metre-high (130 ft) rotatable steel lattice mast. A later version was the FuMG.42 Wassermann S (German: Schwer = heavy). For this eight Freya antenna arrays were mounted on a 60-metre-high (200 ft) pipe mast in two columns, each four antennae high. The combination of the antennae in this way resulted in a concentration of the radiated energy to a smaller beam, thus resulting in a higher radiated power in the main direction (Effective Radiated Power = ERP), without increasing the transmitter power. The result was a longer range. With the L-version the horizontal opening angle of the antenna array remained the same, but the vertical opening angle was reduced (so flatter radiation pattern). Because the horizontal opening angle was not changed, the bearing measuring performance was not changed. With the S-version also the horizontal opening angle was reduced, with a better bearing resolution as a result. Freya was an early warning radar deployed by Germany during World War II; it was named after the Norse Goddess Freyja. During the war, over a thousand stations were built. A naval version operating on a slightly different wavelength was also developed as the Seetakt. First tests of what would become the "Freya" were conducted in early 1937, with initial delivery of an operational radar to the Kriegsmarine in 1938 by the GEMA company. Freya supported an early version of Identification friend or foe (IFF). Aircraft equipped with the FuG 25a "Erstling" IFF system could be successfully queried across ranges of over 100 km. The "AN" version gained a switchable phasing line for the antenna. Switching in the phasing line led to a phase displacement of the antenna's radiation pattern and with that, a squinting to the left or right. This enabled the system in effect to switch from the rather broad "scanning for maxima" to narrow lobe switching. In that mode, a skilled operator could achieve an angular resolution of 0.1°. The Freya radar was more advanced than its British counterpart, Chain Home. Freya operated on a 1.2 m (3.9 ft) wavelength (250 MHz) while Chain Home used 12 m. This allowed Freya to use a much smaller antenna system, one that was easier to rotate, move and position. It also offered higher resolution, allowing it to detect smaller targets. Because of its complex design, only eight Freya stations were operational when the war started, resulting in large gaps between the covered areas. The British Chain Home radar, although less advanced and more prone to errors, was simpler, which meant that the complete Chain Home network was in place in time for the Battle of Britain. #Atlantikwal #Bunker #Regelbau

YouTube Video YouTube Channel German WW2 AtlanticWall Bunker, Type Regelbau FL243 & FL249 FlaK emplacement for 8,8/10.5cm Anti Aircraft gun. Anti Aircraft Battery for heavy Anti Aircraft guns. Four modern 8,8/10,5cm SK/C 32 stood in Regelbau bunkers from the Regelbau FL243 (FL249 is a mirror image of the FL243). with open gun emplacements. The four 8,8/10,5cm SK/C 32 could fire 10 rounds a minute and with their dome like plate they sealed of the top of the circular gun position. A fan sucked out the fumes in the back of the gun emplacement after firing the gun. The reach of this gun was about 15,5 kilometres and it was used both as anti aircraft and boat targeting gun. #AtlanticWall #AtlantikWall #Bunker

This little castle from around the turn of the 18th century was abandoned only a couple of years ago. One of its most interesting features can be found in the garden, where German troops who occupi…

If you have a borderline disturbing obsession with the post-apocalypse, add these places to your bucket list.

Bunker L487 is a ww2 German bunker for radio measurement device evaluation for night fighter control "Bertha" in English. YouTube Video YouTube Video in 360° YouTube Channel

The Valentin U-Boat Bunker in Bremen was the largest u-boat factory in Germany. Due to the air raids by the Allies, the factory remained unfinished.

Between 1942 and 1945 the Germans defended the west coast of France, the Netherlands, Norway, Belgium, Denmark and the occupied Channel Islands, (particularly Alderney, Jersey and Guernsey) from the threat of Allied invasion with a string of concrete forts, barriers and gun emplacements. More than 1,500 of these hulking grey structures were built by slaves, … Continue reading "The Atlantic Wall: The Architecture of Death in Photos"

Atlantikwall Regelbau M270 Artillery Casemate, Bunker with Embrasured emplacement for 17 cm gun Cannon 120°. YouTube Video YouTube Channel The Regelbau M270 Bunker is a relatively large gun embrasure with ammunition storage rooms and a basement chamber for collection of used shells. Plan the base of our bunker of the M270 naval artillery for seul canon. Protected shooting position 120 °. The Regelbau 270 is a relatively frequency standardized construction in the Atlantic Wall battery positions. This bunker Type was designed by the Heere for 'The army'. This bunker Type is part of the Regelbau program in the second world war. 360 camera using insta360 ONE R Twin Edition transforms on the fly from a 360 cam to a 4K 60fps wide-angle shooter. You'll always have the right tool to capture the action #Atlantikwall #Regelbau #Bunker

This bunker is a Radarbunker for Mammut Radar type Phased array, long-range Early warning radar Construction by the Luftwaffe . YouTube Video YouTube Channel The FuMG 41/42 Mammut was a long-range, phased array, early warning radar built by Germany in the latter days of World War II. Developed by the GEMA company, it consisted of six or eight Freya antenna arrays, switched together and coupled to two Freya devices. The arrays were fixed and the beam could be electronically steered on a 100° arc in front and behind the antenna, leaving 80° blind arcs on each side. It was the world's first phased array radar and was able to detect targets flying at an altitude of 8,000m at a range of 300km. The British intelligence codename, "hoarding", was probably related to the shape of the large array. As late in the war as April 20th, 1945, intelligence reports reflected the erroneous opinion that only development prototypes existed but no operational stations had been fielded #AtlanticWall #Regelbau #Bunker

Atlantikwall Regelbau M270 Artillery Casemate, Bunker with Embrasured emplacement for 17 cm gun Cannon 120°. YouTube Video YouTube Channel The Regelbau M270 Bunker is a relatively large gun embrasure with ammunition storage rooms and a basement chamber for collection of used shells. Plan the base of our bunker of the M270 naval artillery for seul canon. Protected shooting position 120 °. The Regelbau 270 is a relatively frequency standardized construction in the Atlantic Wall battery positions. This bunker Type was designed by the Heere for 'The army'. This bunker Type is part of the Regelbau program in the second world war. 360 camera using insta360 ONE R Twin Edition transforms on the fly from a 360 cam to a 4K 60fps wide-angle shooter. You'll always have the right tool to capture the action #Atlantikwall #Regelbau #Bunker

A small hatch which was used to shoot through to defend this quite large underground bunker dating back from WW2. 2 long corridors and lots of rooms with shelfs. From the main exit to the back the facility might be 100 m long. Large spiders everywhere. Evening bunker mission with TommyG More shots on my blog. My blog || twitter || youtube || vimeo || tumblr || 500px || 1x.com

Regan Vest is a nuclear-protected bunker located 60 meters underground in Rold Skov. It was to be a civilian place of work and residence for the Danish government, royal house, etc. in a military emergency. From here, the civilian crisis management of Denmark would take place. Areas for the plot where the bunker was to be located were purchased in 1961, and the finished bunker was taken into use in 1969. In 2012, it was removed from the emergency services. Facebook Instagram YouTube Pinterest TikTok Tumblr Seekers of decay: Blog 1 Seekers of decay: Blog 2

Atlantic Wall (Coastal Fortification: Atlantikwall) Regelbau L485, this bunker is a Radarbunker for Mammut Radar type Phased array, long-range Early warning radar Construction by the Luftwaffe.

REGAN VEST is a nuclear-protected bunker located 60 meters underground in Rold Skov. It was to be a civilian place of work and residence for the Danish government, royal house, etc. in a military e…

Atlantikwall Regelbau M270 Artillery Casemate, Bunker with Embrasured emplacement for 17 cm gun Cannon 120°. YouTube Video YouTube Channel The Regelbau M270 Bunker is a relatively large gun embrasure with ammunition storage rooms and a basement chamber for collection of used shells. Plan the base of our bunker of the M270 naval artillery for seul canon. Protected shooting position 120 °. The Regelbau 270 is a relatively frequency standardized construction in the Atlantic Wall battery positions. This bunker Type was designed by the Heere for 'The army'. This bunker Type is part of the Regelbau program in the second world war. 360 camera using insta360 ONE R Twin Edition transforms on the fly from a 360 cam to a 4K 60fps wide-angle shooter. You'll always have the right tool to capture the action #Atlantikwall #Regelbau #Bunker

Bunker L487 is a ww2 German bunker for radio measurement device evaluation for night fighter control "Bertha" in English. YouTube Video YouTube Video in 360° YouTube Channel

After the war this Regelbau 634 bunker was used by the electricity company. YouTube Video 1 YouTube Video 2 YouTube Channel Armoured copula with six embrasures for machine guns. The sides of the copula are 25 cm thick. The muzzle of the machine gun was mounted in a ball head which fitted exactly into the embrasures. When the embrasures were not in use, they could be closed with heavy shutters. The hole in the top of the copula was for a periscope for surveying the terrain around the bunker. The copula is part of a type Regelbau 634 bunker. The copula is 25 cm thick, whereas the walls and ceiling are 2 m thick and offered the soldiers good protection against bombardment. In the bunker was an ammunition room and bunks for the crew of nine soldiers. In the Iron tower there was a shooter and a helper to operate the MG 34 machine gun, which was mounted on a special foot (M.G.-Schartenlafette 34 Ks) and with the round armor attachment locked so that there were armor in the shooting cut, In the middle of the tower was a periscope so that it could be observed in all directions. mounted in a special condition, so that there were armor in the shooting cut. This bunker Type was designed by the Heere for 'The army'. This bunker Type is part of the Regelbau program in the second world war. #bunker #Atlantikwall #Regelbau

Wind turbines and solar panels are usually found far from buzzing city centers. But a project underway in Hamburg aims to generate renewable power in the heart of the metropolis. Among its plans it is revamping a derelict World War II bunker.

AtlanticWall Regelbau Fl246 - Ammunition depot for heavy Flak Battery. YouTube Video YouTube Channel AtlanticWall Regelbau Fl246 - Ammunition depot for heavy Flak Battery - also known as Ammunition Bunker (Unterstände für Munition). Using the new Insta360 ONE R Twin Edition 360 camera. more info about this bunker after the Second World War this bunker was blown up. This bunker Type was designed by the Kriegsmarine for 'German Navy'. This bunker Type is part of the Regelbau program in the second world war. how is a Regelbau Before and during World War II, the Wehrmacht built several standardised bunkers and weapon positions in Germany and German-occupied countries. These buildings were called Regelbau, i.e. standardised buildings. The Regelbau (German for "standard design") were a series of standardised bunker designs built in large numbers by the Germans in the Siegfried Line (German: Westwall) and the Atlantic Wall as part of their defensive fortifications prior to and during the Second World War. Following the occupation of German territories west of the Rhine, fortress engineers began the construction of the Siegfried Line in 1936. In doing so they were able to benefit from their earlier experience of bunker construction. In compliance with the Versailles Treaty, they had already built the Wetterau-Main-Tauber position and Neckar-Enz position before 1936. When, in 1936, construction started on the Siegfried Line itself, they were able at the outset to utilize designs from the two earlier fortifications. From these existing plans, fortress pioneers rapidly developed improved bunkers that were built from 1937. This building phase was named the Engineer Construction Programme and was characterized by bunkers built to B1 standard thicknesses (see above). Since the thickness of these structures was soon considered to be too weak and because there was a large number Regelbau designs (and hence confusion), new types were developed and implemented from 1938. These new designs were achieved largely by simplifying and reducing the number of Regelbau types. This new building phase was called the Limes Programme. Development of Regelbau designs from 1936 to 1940 The fortress engineers were no longer in charge of construction; instead Organization Todt (OT) took over, promising Hitler it would deliver the number of structures he wanted. Plans for the Limes Programme did not envisage the inclusion of the cities of Aachen and Saarbrücken and they therefore ended up in front of the planned line of fortifications. That changed in 1939 with the Aachen-Saar Programme. From 1939, yet more new Regelbau bunkers were designed for the construction programme that saw increases in the construction thicknesses. From then on, only bunkers that met the in "B new" and "A" standards were to be built. With the outbreak of the Second World War on 1 September 1939, priorities for the construction of the Siegfried Line changed. The renewed shortage of raw materials led to the development of a new series of Regelbau designs, the so-called wartime standard designs or Kriegsregelbauten. After the "lavish" Regelbauten of the Aachen-Saar Programme, the final construction phase was dominated by massive financial constraints. For example, observation cupolas and flank firing positions were no longer provided and the rooms were smaller. #AtlanticWall #Regelbau #Bunker