Fernando Pessoa, in full Fernando António Nogueira Pessoa, (born June 13, 1888, Lisbon, Port.—died Nov. 30, 1935, Lisbon), one of the greatest Portuguese poets, whose Modernist work gave Portuguese literature European significance. From the age of seven Pessoa lived in Durban, S.Af., where his stepfather was Portuguese consul. He became a fluent reader and writer of English. With the hope of becoming a great poet in that language, Pessoa wrote his early verse in English. In 1905 he returned to Lisbon, where he remained, working as a commercial translator while contributing to avant-garde reviews, especially Orpheu (1915), the organ of

Vasko Popa, (born June 29, 1922, Grebenac, Serbia, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes [later Yugoslavia]—died Jan. 5, 1991, Belgrade, Yugo.), Serbian poet who wrote in a succinct modernist style that owed more to French surrealism and Serbian folk traditions than to the Socialist Realism that dominated Eastern European literature after World War II. Popa fought with a partisan group during World War II and then studied in Vienna and Bucharest before completing his education at the University of Belgrade (1949). He took a job as an editor in Belgrade, and in 1953 he published his first major verse collection,