Arduino PWM Programming What is PWM? PWM stands for “Pulse Width Modulation”. This technique is widely used in almost all devices in which voltage variation is required. In PWM, steady DC Voltage is converted into square wave with varying pulse width and the ratio of the total time period (T) of the wave to the time of the “ON” pulse width is called Duty Cycle. This technique is also known as Pulse Duration Technique (PDT). Modern Electronics power switches like Mosfets, transistors are required for PWM, and some time, very sophisticated electronics circuit is required when PWM signals have to carry a very high load.