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arquitectura arquitectos tarragona
Architect; James Stirling, 1969, partially realized in 1972. In 1968 UN sponsored a competition for low-cost housing in Peru asked the competitors to design a house with substantial do-it-yourself element with an evolutionary form. Peruvian architects and 13 invited international architects, including Aldo van Eyck, Christopher Alexander, Atelier5 and James Stirling took part. The original plan was to build all competition entries. Jury was unable to pick an outright winner. I was amazed to discover that 15 units of all invited famous architects were built in 1972 and as one would expect have been ‘modified’ with charm and intelligence. See the link here(pdf for Atelier5 on page 14)and here for some scanty idea. It is gratifying to know that despite all the international attention Stirling’s red buildings were receiving, he still had enough commitment towards low cost housing for developing countries. This may well be due to his earlier interest in small scale village housing and connections with CIAM. His solution was to plan each house around a central patio which acts primarily as a garden but as the house expands it becomes a ventilation shaft and a light well. On two sides of this garden patio are corridors connecting the bedrooms with the living accommodation and the entrance. At it smallest the house is L-shaped within the standard contractor’s first-build of an enclosed square—two bedrooms and a combined kitchen, dining and living room. As the house increases, a wall separates living from dining and cooking and at its upper limit—when ground plot is completely filled—it becomes a house for a family of 12 persons. First-build consists of precast wall and floor units. Thereafter roof and floor units are lightweight reinforced beams with hollow pot infill which could be man erected to allow self-help construction to take over. Houses are grouped in fours around a service patio and these are then combined into clusters of 20-22 houses around a common entrance patio. The neighbourhood consists of twenty clusters and two typical neighbourhoods are shown on bottom right. It was a 1960s version of the Weissenhof exhibition but knowing where it was, it disappeared from the face of the earth – well, as good as. Since uploading this page I have looked up and covered the progress of Stirling's scheme followed by other competition entries here and two other blogs after this one.
