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Many voxel based brain studies have been done in fibromyalgia. These studies, which measure brain volume, have found reductions in gray matter (the stuff that makes up the neurons) in many brain regions including the frontal, cingulate, insular and motor cortices plus the hippocampus, amygdala, brainstem and others. Plus, studies […]
How the human brain functions? What part does what? What is it made of? What does it need to work optimally? What makes human brain different?
What's the difference between white matter vs grey matter in the brain? How do these types of brain matter vary?
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Objectives To review the evidence for an association of white matter hyperintensities with risk of stroke, cognitive decline, dementia, and death. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources PubMed from 1966 to 23 November 2009. Study selection Prospective longitudinal studies that used magnetic resonance imaging and assessed the impact of white matter hyperintensities on risk of incident stroke, cognitive decline, dementia, and death, and, for the meta-analysis, studies that provided risk estimates for a categorical measure of white matter hyperintensities, assessing the impact of these lesions on risk of stroke, dementia, and death. Data extraction Population studied, duration of follow-up, method used to measure white matter hyperintensities, definition of the outcome, and measure of the association of white matter hyperintensities with the outcome. Data synthesis 46 longitudinal studies evaluated the association of white matter hyperintensities with risk of stroke (n=12), cognitive decline (n=19), dementia (n=17), and death (n=10). 22 studies could be included in a meta-analysis (nine of stroke, nine of dementia, eight of death). White matter hyperintensities were associated with an increased risk of stroke (hazard ratio 3.3, 95% confidence interval 2.6 to 4.4), dementia (1.9, 1.3 to 2.8), and death (2.0, 1.6 to 2.7). An association of white matter hyperintensities with a faster decline in global cognitive performance, executive function, and processing speed was also suggested. Conclusion White matter hyperintensities predict an increased risk of stroke, dementia, and death. Therefore white matter hyperintensities indicate an increased risk of cerebrovascular events when identified as part of diagnostic investigations, and support their use as an intermediate marker in a research setting. Their discovery should prompt detailed screening for risk factors of stroke and dementia.
UConn researchers find that what happens inside the human brain when reading is the same, no matter what the language or script.
Accurately determining the cause of white matter abnormalities in the brain can be challenging. We spoke with Dr. Gaetano Pastena to understand how white matter disease is diagnosed.
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Parkinson's disease is currently the second-most widespread neurogenerative pathology. It is a motor disorder caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the gray matter of the brain. These neurons produce dopamine, a neurotransmitter that plays a key role in the modulation of involuntary movements.
The tissue called gray matter in the brain and spinal cord is also known as substantia grisea, and is made up of cell bodies. White matter, or substantia alba, is composed of nerve fibers.
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The amount of gray matter in a kindergartner’s brain can predict whether she will have trouble with reading comprehension as a third grader, according to UC ...
Credit: Courtesy of Elsevier/Academic Radiology A new tool for analyzing tissue damage seen on MRI brain scans can detect with more than 70 percent accuracy early signs of cognitive decline, new research shows. The findings by imaging specialists at NYU Grossman School of Medicine center on small bright spots on scans
White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are lesions in the brain that show up as areas of increased brightness on T2 Weighted MRI images.
The largest-ever neuroimaging study suggests that epilepsy involves more widespread physical differences than previously assumed. Scientists discovered differences in brain matter even in common epilepsies that are often considered to be comparatively benign.
Although scientists have long regarded the brain's white matter as passive infrastructure, new work shows that it actively affects learning and mental illness Imagine if we could peek through the skull to see what makes one brain smarter than...
