A new, all-optical method for compressing narrow electron pulses to a billionth of a billionth of a second could improve real-time movies of chemical reactions and other ultrafast processes.

(Phys.org)—While investigating how efficiently the brain can learn new information, physicists have found that, at the neuronal level, learning efficiency is ultimately limited by the laws of thermodynamics—the same principles that limit the efficiency of many other familiar processes.

Thermoelectric materials, which can directly convert thermal energy into electrical energy (Seebeck effect), can be effectively used for the development of a clean and environmentally compatible power-generation technology

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Recently, researchers from Tsinghua University, Queen Mary University of London, and Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, have reported a promising graphene catalyst obtained from sticky rice, and revealed the critical importance of topological defects both experimentally and theoretically.

Wave-based analog signal processing has been challenging for complex nonlinear operations such as data forecasting or classification. The authors propose here an analog neuromorphic platform for optical wave-based machine learning characterized by energy efficiency, speed and scalability.

Just as a photographer needs a camera with a split-second shutter speed to capture rapid motion, scientists looking at the behavior of tiny materials need special instruments with the capacity to see changes that happen in the blink of an eye.

First there was graphene, an atomically thin film of carbon atoms with record-crushing properties. Then thousands of other atomically thin materials entered the scene which can be layered to create new hybrid supermaterials - so called van der Waals heterostructures. Until now, only a few leading groups have been able assemble these materials with sufficiently high quality. With the 'hot pickup' stacking method, researchers aim to make atomic scale nano-assembly faster and easier than ever before.

Advanced Materials, one of the world's most prestigious journals, is the home of choice for best-in-class materials science for more than 30 years.

Biomedical applications of artificial microswimmers rely on efficient navigation strategies within complex and unpredictable fluid environments. Here, the authors use artificial intelligence to model and design microswimmers that are capable of self-learning efficient navigation strategies by adaptively switching between different locomotory gaits.

Explore Domain of Science - Dominic Walliman’s 36 photos on Flickr!

Research allows switch from crystal clear to opaque.

Significance Reference Behzadirad, M., Nami, M., Wostbrock, N., Zamani Kouhpanji, M., Feezell, D.,

Chocolate is one of the favorite foods of mankind. But its making is complex, even ritualistic. It's chemistry is curious, as well.

O aprendizado de máquina é uma área altamente desejável, com amplas oportunidades. Compreender como o ChatGPT se encaixa em novos projetos. Aprendizado de máquina ChatGPT é uma inteligencia artigficial, Aprendizado de máquina, Marketing digital, Afiliados, Oportunidades com ChatGPT

A new technique for visualizing the rapidly changing electronic structures of atomic-scale materials as they twist, tumble and traipse across the nanoworld is taking shape at the California Institute of Technology. There, researchers have for the first time successfully combined two existing methods to visualize the structural dynamics of a thin film of graphite.

To describe the microscopic properties of matter and its interaction with the external world, quantum mechanics uses wave functions, whose structure and time dependence is governed by the Schrödinger equation. In atoms, electronic wave functions describe - among other things - charge distributions existing on length-scales that are many orders of magnitude removed from our daily experience. In physics laboratories, experimental observations of charge distributions are usually precluded by the fact that the process of taking a measurement changes a wave function and selects one of its many possible realizations. For this reason, physicists usually know the shape of charge distributions through calculations that are shown in textbooks. That is to say, until now. An international team coordinated by researchers from the Max Born Institute has succeeded in building a microscope that allows magnifying the wave function of excited electronic states of the hydrogen atom by a factor of more than twenty-thousand, leading to a situation where the nodal structure of these electronic states can be visualized on a two-dimensional detector.

A new class of catalytic material has been studied by scientists at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) display a unique three-dimensional structure that is highly selective and reactive, with performance that is up to 50 percent better than commercial materials in the tested reactions.

Current state of the art in-space propulsion systems based on chemical or ion propellants fail to meet requirements of 21st century space missions. Antimatter