The world ruby market has undergone dramatic change in recent years, especially with the development of ruby mining in Mozambique. This contribution outlines GIA’s methods and criteria for establishing the geographic origin of ruby.

Montana Sapphire | American Cut Sapphires: Beautiful, Rare, Unique | Ethically Sourced and Mined with Minimal Environmental Impact | Conflict-Free

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The 2013 theme of the Sinkankas Symposium highlights ruby for which speakers present talks on a wide range of topics, including the gem's history and lore, mineralogy and crystallography, color science, inclusions, sources and deposits, carving and cutting, and photography