As the result of social sensitivities and political pressures accompanying the post–World War II civil rights movements, most publicly expressed derogatory religious, racial, and ethnic references fell into disfavor save for continued disparagement of Indigenous peoples of the United States. 1 Consequently, the National Congress of American Indians campaign launched in 1968 against media stereotyping of Native Americans was expanded in the 1970s to sports imagery. The use of nicknames, logos, and mascots had the potential of mocking Indigenous culture, disrespecting sacred objects, and promoting negative imitative behavior. Specifically, ersatz “Indian” mascots and cartoonish images like Cleveland’s “Chief Wahoo” were deemed insulting; the use of “tomahawk chops,” “war chants,” and face paint by fans ridiculing; generic labels like Indians, Braves, Warriors, and Chiefs denials of individuality and tribal diversity; and terms like “Redmen” and “Redskins” racial slurs. 2