Endometrial cancer develops when cells in the endometrium (the inner lining of the uterus) begin to multiply rapidly at an abnormal pace.

PCOS women have an overall 17-fold higher risk of developing endometrial cancer. Here’s what women with PCOS need to know about endometrial cancer and how to reduce their risk.

Endometrial cancer is the most common type of uterine cancer. Although the exact cause of endometrial cancer is unknown, increased levels of estrogen appear to play a role. Estrogen helps stimulate…

Abnormalities of the Endometrium, Uterine Polyps Fibroids and Endometrial carcinoma, an informative guide with the ultrasounds included.

Four months ago, my world was turned upside down. I was diagnosed with endometrial cancer. I beat it and met hundreds of women who are fighting this fight. Hopefully, this article will provide valuable information.

The endometrial thickness varies during the monthly menstrual cycles. It either increases or decreases during the process. The interaction of hormones like estrogen and progesterone are responsible for the integrating changes to the endometrial lining in the uterus.

Endometrial carcinosarcoma is a rare and aggressive high-grade endometrial carcinoma with secondary sarcomatous trans-differentiation (conversion theory). The clinical presentation and diagnostic work-up roughly align with those of the more common endometrioid counterpart, although endometrial carcinosarcoma is more frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage. Endometrial carcinosarcoma is not a single entity but encompasses different histological subtypes, depending on the type of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. The majority of endometrial carcinosarcomas are characterized by p53 abnormalities. The proportion of POLE and microsatellite instablity-high (MSI-H) is directly related to the epithelial component, being approximately 25% and 3% in endometrioid and non-endometrioid components. The management of non-metastatic disease is based on a multimodal approach with optimal surgery followed by (concomitant or sequential) chemotherapy and radiotherapy, even for early stages. Palliative chemotherapy is recommended in the metastatic or recurrent setting, with carboplatin/paclitaxel doublet being the first-line regimen. Although the introduction of immunotherapy plus/minus a tyrosine kinase inhibitor shifted the paradigm of treatment of patients with recurrent endometrial cancer, patients with endometrial carcinosarcoma were excluded from most studies evaluating single-agent immunotherapy or the combination. However, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) approved the use of pembrolizumab and lenvatinib in endometrial cancer (all histotypes) after progression on chemotherapy and single-agent immunotherapy in MSI-H cancers. In the era of precision medicine, emerging knowledge on molecular endometrial carcinosarcoma is opening new promising therapeutic options for more personalized treatment. The present review outlines state-of-the-art knowledge and future directions for patients with endometrial carcinosarcoma. No data are available.

Background and Objectives Uterine carcinosarcoma is considered as metaplastic carcinoma comprising of both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components which are believed to arise from a single metaplastic clone. Carcinosarcomas have resembled in epidemiology, risk factors and clinical behavior with endometrial adenocarcinoma as opposed to uterine sarcomas and are therefore considered a high-risk variant of endometrial carcinoma. The aim of this study is to evaluate clinical presentation, histopathologic pattern, management, recurrence pattern and outcome of uterine carcinosarcomas presenting to a tertiary care cancer center over an 8-year period. Results A total of 20 cases of uterine sarcoma were diagnosed. Median age at presentation was 60 years (range 47–73 years). All the women were postmenopausal. The main presenting symptoms were abnormal vaginal bleeding, low abdominal pain and white discharge. Twelve of the 20 women presented in Stage I (60%), 1 in Stage II (5%), 4 in Stage III (20%) and 3 in Stage IV (15%). All except one patient underwent surgery following evaluation. Eighteen patients underwent hysterectomy with salpingo-oophorectomy (TAH BSO). One patient underwent posterior exenteration, and twelve patients also underwent pelvic node dissection. Median follow-up was 22 months ranging from 2 to 108 months. Median survival was 21.5 months. Of 17 patients with nonmetastatic disease at presentation, 10 recurred, of which 9 patients died of disease at a median follow-up of 28 months. Patients with disease restricted to corpus uteri had a significantly higher median survival of 28 months than those with disease extending beyond the uterus (12 months) (p = 0.018). Patients who received postoperative radiotherapy had a median survival of 34 months, while those who received adjuvant chemotherapy had a survival of 21 months and those with no adjuvant therapy 17 months although not significant (p = 0.61). There was no significant difference in overall survival in patients of uterine carcinosarcoma with heterologous elements (17.5 months) and heterologous elements (30 months) (p = 0.25). Also, the presence of lymphovascular invasion and the size of the tumor and pelvic lymphadenectomy did not confer any significant difference in survival. Three- and 5-year survival by Kaplan–Meier survival estimates was 40% and 32% for the entire cohort. Conclusions The stage of the disease had the strongest bearing on survival. Prognosis for even early stages is poor. This aggressive disease requires comprehensive surgical staging and multimodality treatment even for the early stages. Larger studies are required to better delineate the role of multimodality therapy.

Endometrial cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the endometrium. The endometrium is the lining of the uterus, a hollow, muscular organ in a woman's pelvis. The uterus is where a fetus grows. In most nonpregnant women, the uterus is about 3 inches long. The lower, narrow end...

PCOS or polycystic ovary syndrome is often connected to other serious conditions, and one of them is endometrial cancer. Learn why PCOS increases your risk for this type of cancer and what you can do about it. The Role of PCOS in Endometrial Cancer Endometrial cancer, sometimes called uterine cancer, develops in the lining of […]

Epidemiology The 6th most common malignancy in women worldwide. The 4th most common malignancy in women in developed countries. The most common gynecological malignancy in the western world. The me…

Abnormalities of the Endometrium, Uterine Polyps Fibroids and Endometrial carcinoma, an informative guide with the ultrasounds included.