Known as the Fertile Crescent and the cradle of civilization, ancient Mesopotamia lay between the Euphrates and Tigris rivers. The name itself means “between two rivers.” Today these lands form part of countries such as Iran and Iraq. However, thousands of years ago Mesopotamia gave birth to what may well have been the very first human civilization. Sumer, the Akkadian Empire, and finally the Babylonian Empire were home to some of the most sophisticated and advanced people in the world. Some of their discoveries, inventions, and ideas were thousands of years ahead of their time, and here we look at